Piracy and different aspect of piracy clause in the Charter Party Essay

Robbery and distinctive part of theft condition in the Charter Party contract - Essay Example Announced instances of these terroristic exercises stumble into the globe. From the shores of Africa and South Asia to the waters of North and Latin Americas, robbery stays one of the basic worries of most countries and still present an extraordinary danger and dubiousness to voyagers, particularly those occupied with business. The globally perceived administering body for issues identifying with the lawfulness of the ocean, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea characterized theft as the unlawful demonstrations of viciousness submitted towards the team or travelers of a private boat (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982). These demonstrations incorporate however not restricted to boarding, blackmail, prisoner taking, hijack for-payment, burglary and murder. This unquestionable hazard incited a specific activity, for both boat proprietors and shippers to create a protection inclusion that would promise them significant serenity and eventually, security. â€Å"Attack by privateers or any endeavor of robbery is secured by this approach works around the gravity of harm to the bothered party† (Global Marine Practice, 2010). This understanding is bought in the sanction party, as a condition explicit about robbery. A composed agreement will be entered upon by both the boat proprietor and the shipper (charterer) implying their promise to duty when theft happens. Hypothetically, in any case, sanction statements on robbery are commonly focused on forestalling and limiting the risks that boats may experience when adrift. The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO), the incredibly famous delivery association, established two generally acknowledged beneficial contract provisions concerning theft: the War Risks Clause for Voyage Chartering of 2004 or basically, the VoyWar 2004 and the Piracy Clause for Time Charter Parties of 2009. These overseeing rules are the ones actualized in practically all individuals from the transportation business. The War Risks Clause for

Referencing Harvard

It is essential to show your peruser that you have searched out master, dependable sources to help bolster and build up your reasoning, and this is done through referencing. The leaning toward in your task: exhibits great research direct shows the scope of thoughts and approaches you have found and contemplated recognizes the wellsprings of those thoughts tells your peruser where they can find those sources. Referencing likewise encourages you to maintain a strategic distance from copyright infringement. In the event that you present another person's thoughts as though they are your own work, or utilize precisely the same language they use without affirmation, you are submitting plagiarism.Plagiarism can be unexpected because of poor referencing, however the results are consistently genuine. Exact referencing encourages you to stay away from this. For more data on keeping away from copyright infringement, visit http://asset. Associations. Du. AU/course/see. PH? Id=1 572 Every time yo u incorporate words, thoughts or data from a source †regardless of whether it's a site, book or Journal article †in your task, you should remember a for content reference to show that this substance has been assembled from some place else.In-content references must be incorporated at whatever point you: 0 reword another person's thoughts in your own words rundowns another person's thoughts in your own words quote another person's thoughts in their definite words duplicate or adjust a chart, table or some other visual material. For each source that you reference in-content, you should likewise make a section in the inclination list toward the finish of the task. 2 How would we reference? There are two parts to a Harvard reference: 1) an in-content reference in the body of your task Cabochon (2008) investigates a scope of topics and ideas†¦ ) full reference subtleties in your reference list Cabochon, M 2008, Maps and legends, Immenseness Books, San Francisco. 1) In-cont ent references An in-content reference is given each time you allude to thoughts or data from another source, and incorporates the accompanying subtleties: 0 the creator's family name (do exclude given names) [authoring body or association the time of distribution page numbers where relevant. There are two fundamental approaches to introduce an in-content reference, as indicated below.One way offers noticeable quality to the data by setting the reference toward the finish of your sentence in sections: Universities can assume a functioning job in discovering answers for environmental change (Folio 2010, p. 2). Another way offers unmistakable quality to the creator by putting the reference in the body of your sentence, with the creator's name fused into the sentence structure and the date in sections: Folio (2010, p. 2) contends that colleges can assume a functioning job in discovering answers for atmosphere change.Including page numbers Page numbers are incorporated when you: pacific page or pages allude to tables, figures, pictures or present explicit data like dates/measurements. Habeas (2007, p. 48) takes note of that the author ‘draws on a set up convention of appropriating the winding down for different social and political purposes'. On the off chance that you do these things for a source without pages †e. G. A site †at that point Just creator and year will get the job done. 2) The reference list The reference list gives full bibliographic subtleties to all the sources alluded to in your task with the goal that perusers can without much of a stretch find them. Each extraordinary source referenced in your exposition must have a coordinating section in your reference list. Note that the reference list isn't a book index. A book reference records all that you may have perused, while a reference list is purposely constrained to those hotspots for which you have given in-content references. A list of sources isn't required except if explicitly mentioned by your lecturer.The reference list is titled References and is: 0 orchestrated one after another in order by writer's family name (or title/supporting association where a source has no writer) a solitary rundown where books, Journal articles and electronic sources are recorded together (see test reference list on p. 6 of this guide). The primary components required for all references are the creator, year, title and distribution data. Single line dispersing required Judd, D, Assistant, K and David, GM 2010, A past filled with American nursing: patterns and periods, Jones and Bartlett, London.Candler, PM, Patton, JAG, Coleman, RE, Egotistical, A, Hackers, FIG and Hoofer, BP 1999, Diagnostic atomic medication, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. Whitewater, R 2009, ‘How can nursing mediation look into diminish the examination practice hole? , Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, Volvo. 41, no. 4, up. 7-15. Leave space between every passage No space required in second or ensuing lines of a section A concentrate from an exposition utilizing the Harvard referencing framework Essay separate The exacting adjustment of a book to film is for all intents and purposes impossible.As Steam (AAA, p. 4) recommends: The move from a solitary track verbal medium, for example, the novel to a multi-track medium like film, which can play with words (composed and expressed) yet in addition with music, audio effects, and moving bibliographic pictures, clarifies the improbability and nuisance of exacting constancy. Remarks Always give creator, year and page number(s) while citing. Statements longer than thirty words are indented the two sides, and are one text dimension littler. Ellipsis (†¦ Shows at least one words have been omitted.It is perplexing, at that point, that perusers and crowds are so disparaging of adjustments which take freedoms, now and then to improve things, with their source material. Film adjustments of books are every now and again ‘cast igated and held to a foolishly thorough standard of loyalty (Steam Bibb, p. 15). On the off chance that key scenes from a novel are pruned for film, crowds frequently respond contrarily. Be that as it may, loyalty isn't a suitable measure for assessing a film adjustment's prosperity, as various researchers agree (Despond ; Hawkers 2006; Letch 2008; McFarland 1996; Miller ; Steam 2004). Making a decision about film adjustments is eventually, Whelan (1999, p. ) fights, ‘an vague science hounded by esteem decisions about the relative creative worth of writing and film'. A fanatic of a novel may criticize a film adjustment which changes the first book in some style, yet their reaction is exceptionally emotional and neglects to consider the practices and real factors of film creation (McFarland 2007, p. 26). Now and again there are reason for antagonistic vibe. Creator Alan Moore has seen some of his intricate realistic books adjusted into shallow Hollywood items, making him amazin gly condemning of producers and the movie producer process (Assures 2009).However, this sort of mentality can be automatic and reactionary. As opposed to being excessively punctilious about literary reliability, it is ideal to move toward film adjustments as re-translations of their source material (Hutchison 2006, p. 8) or as ‘a change of content, an erudition (Scariest, refered to in Sanders 2006, p. 2). Besides, new methods of creation further entangle existing meanings of, and ways to deal with, adjustment (Moore, MR. 2010, p. 180). So The letters ‘a' and ‘b' have been added to the years here or more to recognize various sources by a similar creator (Steam) distributed in the equivalent year.Several sources refered to on the double. Statements shorter than thirty words are encased in single quotes. Continuously give creator, year and page number(s) while summarizing a printed source. Web records require a similar data for the in-content reference (creator and y ear). No page number for electronic sources except if accessible. Statement from Scariest found in Sanders' work. On the off chance that creators have comparative family names, remember first initials for reference to stay away from disarray. 5 References Assures, S 2009, Why Alan Moore abhors comic-book motion pictures', Total Film, 2 February, saw 5 December 2010, .Despond,J and Hawkers, P 2006, Adaptation: considering film and writing, McGraw-Hill, Boston. Hutchison, L 2006, A hypothesis of adjustment, Rutledge, New York. Letch, T 2008, ‘Adaptation learns at a junction', Adaptation, Volvo. 1, no. 1, up. 63-77. McFarland, B 1996, Novel to film: a prologue to the hypothesis of adjustment, Oxford University Press, New York. ? 2007, ‘Reading film and writing', in D Cartel and I Whelan (des), The Cambridge ally to writing on screen, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, up. 15-28. Mill operator, T and Steam, R (des) 2004, An ally to film hypothesis, Blackwell Publishing, saw 30 October 012, .Moore, MR. 2010, ‘Adaptation and new media', Adaptation, Volvo. 3, no. 2, up. 179-92. Sanders, J 2006, Adaptation and allocation, Rutledge, New York. Steam, R AAA, ‘Introduction: the hypothesis and practice of adjustment', in R Steam and An Orange (des), Literature and film: a manual for the hypothesis and practice of film adjustment, Blackwell Publishing, Malden, up. 1-52. ? Bibb, Literature through film: authenticity, enchantment, and the specialty of adjustment, Blackwell Publishing, Malden. Whelan, 1 1999, ‘Adaptations: the contemporary issues', in D Cartel and I Whelan (des), Adaptations: from content to screen, screen to content, Rutledge, London, up. - 19. Online paper or magazine article Book with two writers Book Journal article Two works by same writer, recorded sequentially Dash utilized when more than one work by same writer recorded Chapter in an altered book Ebook. Two editors Journal article Book from which Serviette's statement taken Two works by same writer in same year, recorded an and b dependent on in sequential order request of title of the work Dash utilized Please note: this concentrate is from a task written in the Humanities. If it's not too much trouble allude to distributed work in your general vicinity of study for instances of referencing shows pacific to your order. Imagine a scenario where your source doesn't actually coordinate any of these models. This guide of source you have to reference in the pages that follow, and develop your reference in that configuration utilizing the example(s) gave to control you. While this guide gives a wide scope of models

Create More, Consume Less

Create More, Consume Less Every human has the innate desire to create: we all want to add value to the world. Hence, we are all creators of some sort: Some of us are writers, painters, musicians. Some people scrapbook, take photos, make cool things with their hands. For a long time the two of us, Joshua Ryan, createdâ€"gulpâ€"spreadsheets in the corporate world (although we weren’t fond of those number-filled grids). Every human must also consume, and there’s nothing inherently wrong with consumption: It’s necessary. We must eat food, drink water. Plus, we all tend to purchase hygiene products, furniture for our homes, and other material possessions that bring us joyâ€"books, music, etc. Shortly after the Industrial Revolution, though, corporations found themselves drowning in too much supply and not enough demand. So, via advertisements and various talking heads, people were told they needed to consume more. Even today, we are told to “keep the economy going” we must buy more stuff. What’s worse is we buy into this lie. Marketers do a great job convincing us we need more: they establish a void so we will try to fill it. This is no secret; in fact, we take it for granted now: amongst the bombardment, we realize what advertisers are doing, yet we still give them carte blanche with our attentionâ€"we let them into our homes, onto our screens, and into our personal lives via Facebook and other outletsâ€"and when we do, the void grows deeper. For most of us, however, the void has nothing to do with a need to consume more; in fact, the opposite is true: when we consume too much, we experience stress, anxiety, and depression, effectively deepening the void. Our possessions possess us. They weigh us down mentally, physically, emotionally, and the void becomes cavernous. We must realize the real void is on the other side of the equation: the void most of us feel is a creative voidâ€"we’re so caught up in our consumeristic mindset we forget our inherent need to create. The solution, then, is to create more and consume lessâ€"if we spend more time creating, we will spend less time consuming: This is how we move the needle of contentment back to the positive. This is how we resolve our individual issues regarding compulsory consumption and mindless self-indulgence. So let’s each select one meaningful thing we’d like to createâ€"one thing that will add value to the worldâ€"and let’s create it: let’s fill the real void together. If you find value in The Minimalists, consider donating a dollar.

Organizational Behavior And The Social Sciences - 1671 Words

After 7 weeks of Organizational Behavior class, I have learned many factors that influence an individual to make a workplace more exciting and effective. This class is more than a subject for me as it helped me to experience the different views of my peers. There is no doubt that, this subject is an eye opener for me that gives value to my work ethics and understandings. Before beginning to learn the subject, there were so many unknown factors that required clarifications in my work life. An in-depth analysis in this subject helped me to gain a thorough understanding of different areas like leadership qualities, cultural difference in workplace, power and politics in an organization, etc. Every individual has their own needs, interests and goals in an organization but achieving these elements are always a challenge to them. And I believe that, knowledge in Organizational Behavior is a great tool that can be used to reach that goal. Organizational behavior is the part of the social sciences. It seeks a comprehensive understanding of how individuals, groups and organizations function as well as the cause and effects of their functions with a view to improve their effectiveness and well-being. (Sinha, J, 2008). From what I have learned, leadership is one of the main qualities that every individual has to develop in their personal and career life. I started my career as a mechanical engineer in 2014 with less knowledge in these qualities. And without any surprise I quit myShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior Is Defined As A Social Science Discipline2297 Words   |  10 Pages Organizational Behavior I Introduction Organizational behavior is defined as a social science discipline just like cultural anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. It uses the scientific method to establish the truth as well as to validate the different theories. 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Summary This paper focuses on the organizational behavior construct ofRead MoreOrganizational Behavior Is An Important Tool For Managers Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pages In today’s business world, Organizational Behavior is an important tool for managers to effectively manage teams and it aids in being able to understand and foresee human behavior in an organization. It studies on how organizations can be arranged more accurately, and how several events in their outside situations effect organizations. It has become more significant today than in previous years because organizations must master to adapt to the rapidly changing business cultures that have stemmedRead MoreThe Micro And Macro Effects On The Groups And Their Function848 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational Behavior When an organization try to finds ways to better their operations, the best thing to do is to watch the way that each person responds inside the arrangement of the organization. Organizational behavior is the field of study that search for the best way in which to fit in individuals into the organization. There are more than a few ways that a company can be viewed and in which the information can be described. It really be subject on the way that they are doing theRead MoreFamous Management Journals1231 Words   |  5 Pages |2.500 |âÅ"“ | |5 |ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW |6.720 |11.657 |âÅ"“ | |6 |ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY |3.684 |7.539 |âÅ"“ | |7 |ADVANCES IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT-A RESEARCH ANNUAL |0.143 |0.636 Read MoreThe Importance Of Interpersonal Skills On The Workplace1695 Words   |  7 Pagesand less stress. Another reason that interpersonal skills are important is because the added organizational behavior element can help promote and improve awareness the social responsibility of a company. 2. What is the definition of organizational behavior (OB)? 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Goals of Organizational Behavior (Most Sciences share four goals) * Describe (How people behave under a varietyRead MoreCommon Criticisms in Psychology Paper1486 Words   |  6 Pagespsychology as an inadequate science by the public stems from belief that evidence cannot be acquired unless natural circumstances are examined (Stanovich, 2007). Social Psychology The college sophomore problem and criticisms of representativeness are most often aimed at social psychology, which makes frequent use of college subjects in laboratory paradigms in an attempt to develop theories of social interaction, group behavior, and information processing in social situations† ( as cited in StanovichRead MoreIndustrial and Organizational Psychology Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the United Nations International Labor Organization, United States worker works more hours and is more productive, but not necessarily more efficient, than their European counter parts (King, 2013). Industrial Organizational Psychology (I/O psychology) applies the science of psychology to work and the workplace (King, 2013) to enhance worker efficiency and productivity. Researchers in the field of I/O psychology looked to find a broad range of topics related to the work environment including;Read MoreRetirement: Stereotypes and Combined Effects of Gender and Age1636 Words   |  7 PagesDifferential Consequences and Rewards of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Younger and Older Workers Employees are increasingly pushing back retirement leading to an older and higher proportion of older employees in the workplace. In fact, the SHRM Workplace Forecast (2013) released by The Society for Human Resource’s listed the generation gap as a top future workplace trend. In addition, women are to becoming more and more a part of today’s workforce. However, both older individuals and women

My First Interview On My Father Jimmy Lee Riley - 806 Words

e I decided to do my second interview on my Grandfather Jimmy Lee Riley .He was born August 17.1947 in Macon Georgia.I choose him as my second interviee because i was interested to learn more about his background and what challenges did he face in the past. The interview consisted of a few questions that explained his childhood,prior experiences with discrimination,and perceptions about today. We started off the interview with a brief description of who he was and what the term discrimination meant to him.Jimmy Riley is a successful African American business owner ,a roofing contractor, and a courageous man of god. he defined the term discrimination as an unfair treatment or judgement based on a person or person race ,age ,gender,age,or religious beliefs. He described his childhood as very hard but full of memories that will last him a lifetime.Growing up in a time period where a lot of of history was made in america can be life changing He grew up in a predominately black suburban neighborhood located on the south side of macon..he described the area as peaceful compared to the way it is now 20-30 years later.Now Drugs and violence are major issue that are turning peaceful safe communities into dangerous ghettos. I moved along to ask about what history took place and how these events were significant He elaborated on powerful topics such as segregation within public places,the civil rights movement,and social reform.Three main events that stood out the most were in May 17,Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDiversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 †¢ Diversity in Groups 58 †¢ Effective Diversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? â€Å"Dual-Career Couples Divorce Less† 47 An Ethical Choice Religious Tattoos 51 glOBalization! Images of Diversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women

September 11’s Impact on America Free Essays

Page 1, Kim September 11 is a tragic event and an unforgettable day to Americans. Nineteen terrorists seized four commercial U. S jets and crashed them into American symbols of the military and capitalism, and shook the entire nation. We will write a custom essay sample on September 11’s Impact on America or any similar topic only for you Order Now The attack did change Americans, mostly for a short while, but it did make huge impacts in America. The Mindset of Americans Americans became closer, more spiritual, less materialistic, but only for a while. In spite of terror and grief, Americans with utmost hope and compassion helped the person in need.They prayed together and stood together. The attacks of September 11 have made some people feel insecure, particularly the ones who lost their loved ones. Appreciation, gratitude, and support to the fire fighters, the army, and to the people who protect the country have increased. [Ostroushko] Even the pop songs in TV stopped for few days. Patriotic albums were released, such as â€Å"The Rising† by Springsteen and â€Å"Freedom† by Paul McCartney. People who were obsessed with who is at the top of music charts and new releases got interested in news and the world around them.Also, the blood donation rapidly increased following the attacks, showing the feeling of sympathy felt by Americans. [Glynn] For the most part, it was an awakening for these people; September 11 showed that, for the first time in history, the American homeland is actually vulnerable to a deadly foreign enemy. Americans were so scared, that they seem to think that they saw mysterious images from the smoke of the falling twin towers such as a face of the devil. [Dolfman] As a result, Americans no longer take freedom for granted after September 11. Although these may seem like temporary changes, lasting changes did occur in the nation’s economy and security system. Page 2, Kim Long lines at the airport Airline industry is one of the fields that had lasting changes because of 9/11. Minutes after hijacked airplanes crashed into the World Trade Center, the government ordered over 1,000 airplanes that were in U. S airspace to land immediately. To prevent further incidents like 9/11, securities were tightened.Nowadays, many airports around the world use the controversial x-ray scans which see right through your clothes. Many people have complained about the scans, saying that it is an invasion of privacy and that people should have the right to refuse to be scanned. People also complain that it is not safe to be exposed to so much radiation at once, saying that those who fly often are in danger. Tight securities have caused many disputes; a YouTube video showing an 8-year-old shirtless boy being patted down at the Salt Lake City Airport has more than 750,000 hits, and the parents of the boy were infuriated. Greene] Due to 9/11, people must wait in long lines to undergo uncomforting x-ray scans and tightened security. A New Sense of Security Airlines industry is not the only one with tightened security. Since 9/11, a new department was created, called the Homeland Security.The new department was aimed at tightening the national security and dealing with immigration affairs. Today, the department of Homeland Security became the third largest department in the United States government, and we see them at the airport, giving Americans some sense that America is on a war against terrorism. Columbia Encyclopedia] The fact that President Bush created a whole new department shows how serious and determined America is in fighting against terrorism. War on Terror The American government took much more action than just creating a new department, but it declared war on terrorism. Bush ordered to invade Afghanistan in 2002 with about 100,000 soldiers in order to exterminate Al Qaeda and Taliban, the groups behind 9/11. Bush ambitiously launched the attack in order to capture Al Qaeda’s leader, Osama Bin Laden, quickly and put an end to terrorism.Despite the ambitious plan, Osama Bin Laden was nowhere to be found and the Talibans hid in underground bunker. [Bernton] As the American troops took over all of Afghanistan, the whole country shook in chaos; people were missing every day, and American troops died from suicide bombers. To establish democracy and avoid anarchy in Afghanistan, Bush could not withdraw American troops just yet, and the war seemed to lengthen. Meanwhile, the U. S government received intelligence reports that Iraq, led by Sadam Hussein, has weapons of mass destruction and is planning to sell the weapons to Al Qaeda and Taliban.In order to stop Sadam Hussein from selling weapons of mass destruction, Bush ordered another invasion at Iraq in 2003. Although American forces succeeded in capturing Sadam Hussein, the war dragged on and no weapons of mass destruction was discovered. America had the same situation at Iraq; Iraq became chaotic and U. S troops died from suicide bombers. Bush was heavily criticized for his faults with the two wars and his popularity fell. As a result of two long wars which continue until today, America faces a debt of $13 trillion dollars due to increased military spending. Rios] U. S defense spending remained fairly steady throughout the late 1990s, but since 2002, it has climbed by about $50 billion each year. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have cost about $1. 5 trillion since 2001. [Horning] Today, America’s defense spending accounts for almost 50% of world’s total defense expenditures. [Stiglitz] Page 4, Kim America’s Economic Troubles The  New York Stock Exchange  (NYSE), the  American Stock Exchange  (AMEX), and  NASDAQ  did not open on September 11 and remained closed until September 17. When the  stock markets reopened, the  Dow Jones Industrial Average  (DJIA) stock market index fell 684 points, or 7. 1%, to 8921, a record-setting one-day point decline. In New York City, about 430,000 job-months and $2. 8 billion in wages were lost in the three months following the 9/11 attacks. [Barnhart] The city’s  gross domestic product (GDP)  was estimated to have declined by $27. 3 billion for the last three months of 2001 and all of 2002. The Federal government provided $11. 2 billion in immediate assistance to the Government of New York City  in September 2001, and $10. billion in early 2002 for economic development and infrastructure needs. [Makinen] Because of the two wars and a creation of Homeland Security as a new department, U. S government faces a huge budget deficit, further increasing the debt. These wars indirectly caused economic recession in America. As the government focused on the war, its economy and the people were neglected. America’s economy is in the toilet, with unemployment rate soaring up to 10% and banks going out of business. Health Effects The debris from the collapsed tower has caused many serious health problems.Several deaths have been linked to the toxic dust caused by the World Trade Center’s collapse and the victims’ names will be included in the World Trade Center memorial. [Smith]   There is also scientific speculation that exposure to various toxic products in the air may have Page 5, Kim negative effects on  fetal development. [Baschat] Due to this potential hazard, a notable children’s environmental health center is currently analyzing the children whose mothers were pregnant during the WTC collapse, and were living or working near the World Trade Center towers.Also, a study of rescue workers released in April 2010 found that all the workers studied had impaired lung functions, and that 30% to 40% of workers were reporting persistent symptoms that started within the first year of the attack with little or no improvement since. [Grady] Public Enemy: Muslims As the hard ships continued, the hatred for Muslims continued to grow. Reports of Muslims being targeted because of their religion were virtually unheard of before 9/11, hovering at around 30 incidents a year. After 2001 however, incidents have leveled off at about 150 a year. Horning] Even at the airports, the Homeland Security workers tend to double check the Middle-Easterners rather than any other race. Today Americans generally have misconceptions about the people in turbans; we hear jokes on TV that Muslims carry bombs in their turbans, and that people should be cautious with them. Christians say that 9/11 started the new Crusades. Beginning of a New Era in America: September 11 With all these changes, life in America is definitely different after 9/11. It seems so long ago that those numbing images burned themselves into Americans’ memories, yet U.S troops continue to fight to defeat terrorism. The terrorists only planned to take out a couple Page 6, Kim buildings in the U. S during 9/11, but the destruction of a few buildings have tightened airport securities, killed many in two wars, landed America in an economic recession with $13 trillion debt, and increased hatred for Muslims more than ever. Al Qaeda and Taliban definitely got much more than what they originally wanted. Despite America’s desperate efforts to end terrorism, the times of peace and prosperity seems to only exist in a history book. How to cite September 11’s Impact on America, Papers

Overbooked free essay sample

While doing reservations , the hotel must have a guarantee, meaning that there should be a law or system, in which allows the booking of rooms by people who are really going to show on, a certain big fee or percentage of the total fee should be paid prior to the arrival of the guest, this would ensure to the hotel that the guest will surely come and won’t disappear and at the same time this will be a motivation to the guest to come, since she/he already paid an amount of money, they don’t want loose the money they paid for the reservation they made, thus they will show . In a nutshell this should be a strategy hotels use while doing booking. Case study: To Flag or not to Flag-and If So, Which flag? 1. As it is known franchising, is the practice of using another firms successful business model. We will write a custom essay sample on Overbooked or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is a franchise agreement? Is a legally binding agreement which outlines the franchisors terms and conditions for the franchisee. The franchise agreement also clearly outlines the obligations of the franchisor and the obligations of the franchisee. Since the best franchise application has a fee of $20000 and there is 2% revenue marketing fee, and a reservation fee of $4 per room, I would go with this option since it is the best option that is on ground. If Joy and Bob agree to be part of that franchise corporations, they would have a famous name, and that would attract more guests to come. 2. These factors need to be covered in any franchise agreement: †¢The nature and name of the activity being franchised. This includes details of any rademarks, recipes, specifications or processes associated with the product or service †¢The franchise territory on offer needs to be specified. So should the location of the nearest outlets of the same franchise †¢The duration of the agreement, usually at least five years, together with any renewal terms and conditions †¢The franchise fee, royalty and any other payments to be made †¢What the franchisor agrees to offer in terms of training, marketing, the provision of mat erials and so forth †¢The conditions under which the franchise can be terminated by either party or what their obligations are should that happen. )Additional information would be in term of : †¢The right to use the trade name †¢The Franchisees obligations †¢The Franchisors obligations †¢The premises and the territory †¢Length of Franchise contract †¢Renewal terms

A Literary Analysis of 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 free essay sample

He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother† (245). According to critic, Ralph A. Ranald, Winston is an â€Å"antihero† in the â€Å"antiworld† of Oceania, in an â€Å"antiuniverse,† created by the collective mind of the Party. â€Å"In that antiworld, there is no written law, and everything is, or can be, considered a crime at the pleasure of the State† (254). Winston is not heroic in the traditional sense. He rebels in secret, always afraid of the watchful eye of Big Brother; he betrays Julia at the slightest provocation in the Ministry of Love; he comes to love and support his persecutors.He is â€Å"passive and not self-aware. Winston, from the first moment we meet him, never makes a free decision† (Ranald). However, though he is not perfect, Winston does at least attempt to find truth and insist on it in the face of overwhelming opposition. Winston’s final defeat is discouraging. We will write a custom essay sample on A Literary Analysis of 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page James E. Davis observes that Orwell â€Å"does express a mood of near but not complete despair. The mood is despair only if readers do not heed the warning of what will happen if we continue on some of our present courses. But we do not have to become soulless automatons.It is not foreordained† (248). Our own society does not repress freedom and truth in the same way or to the same degree as the Party in 1984. There is still hope that we will not allow the government or any institution to tell us lies and compromise our freedoms. Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, is about a dystopian society in which firemen burn books, and the ideal citizen sits around and watches television all day, not thinking about anything too deeply and not caring about the consequences of his or her actions. Guy Montag is a fireman.He has lived most of his life believing that firemen are beneficial to society, enforcing a just law that protects everyone. His mind is opened to the reality of his miserable job when he meets a young girl named Clarisse McClellan. When his boss, the firehouse captain, realizes this change in him, Captain Beatty begins to fight back, trying to either return Montag to his previous state of ignorance or destroy him and the knowledge he represents. John Colmer is struck by Bradburys ability to convey horror. Bradbury is successful in creating the horror of mechanized anti-culture. The burning scenes have intense power† 149). Central to this â€Å"anti-culture† is a violent struggle between knowledge and ignorance. Montags job as a fireman is to destroy people’s homes and lives to eliminate knowledge and encourage ignorance, but when he meets Clarisse, knowledge begins to overpower ignorance inside his own mind, and he realizes that what he is doing is horrible. She asks him a simple question about his life: â€Å"Are you happy? † she said. â€Å"Am I what? † he cried. But she was gone—running in the moonlight. Her front door shut gently. â€Å"Happy! Of all the nonsense. † (10)Clarisse plays a critical role in alerting Montag to his blindness. Edward Eller credits this young â€Å"oddball† with creating a crisis in Montag’s life that upends his complacency: Clarisse prods him back into experiencing the outside worlds sensations, especially smells as simple as apricots and strawberries, old leaves and cinnamon, smells which up to now have always been dominated by the odor of kerosene. She ignores his authority by openly questioning whether he can even think and challenges his smug superiority by seeing through his mask of happiness and into his deeper discontent. (152)

Midterm Reflective Portfolio Essays

Midterm Reflective Portfolio Essays Midterm Reflective Portfolio Essay Midterm Reflective Portfolio Essay Essay Topic: Reflective Midterm Reflective Portfolio Dennis Brown Writing Fundamentals Eng 090 Instructor Rotem May A paragraph is a collection of related sentences dealing with a . single topic. A paragraph can be divided into three major parts a topic sentence, supporting details and a conclusion sentence. Paragraph writing consists of many elements, before, while and after writing. Creating a main idea and using supporting details are strategies for writing an effective paragraph. Usually I use paragraphs in school, and also for business situations. Brainstorming a topic would be the easiest aspect of paragraph writing in my opinion. Creating a topic for discussion isn’t challenging compared to other aspects. The hardest aspect would be using the guidelines of paragraph writing. In the past four weeks I have learned numerous things about writing. I learned to begin with an idea. After developing an idea support those ideas with examples for further understanding, and learning the importance of introductions and conclusions. Writing paragraphs helps to able to write more effectively for school assignments. Reflecting on my experiences with illustration paragraphs I chose an issue that related to me as choice of topic. Choosing the topic was my easiest step in the writing process. I enjoy researching information for personal purpose as well as to be visual with my ideas. Creating different ways to rephrase my examples was the biggest challenge it’s what I would need to work on most. Using different was to rephrase my examples would make my ideas flow more effectively. I learned as a writer that I have the ability to be creative in ideas. My goals of being visual in my thoughts on a college level were achieved. In remembrance with the definition paragraph I used a topic I was interested in. Using a topic that aroused my interest was the most comfortable portion of the assignment. Carefully following the structure of a definition paragraph is what I would like to work on. I believe the development of the structure will turn out better essays. I learned approaches to explain different terms. My goals of being a definitive writer have been achieved. Earlier increasing my understanding of writing, structures and grammar usage were goals that were set. Now being more efficient towards the criteria of production is an immediate goal. I would like to create a sense of urgency in creativity also in my development as a writer. In my progress I will spend more than time and motivate myself to meet the goals I set. A website entitled â€Å"Value for your life† was a resource I used in my goal setting. The tips included were kept in my thoughts in writing. In conclusion paragraph writing is a challenging aspect of writing. During the process of completing the assignment I was able to expand my level of thoughts improving my skills overall as a writer. I attend to become a better with each increasing week and will set more and more goals in my writing and will achieve those goals using strong work ethic. Upon completion of the course I intend to make easy aspects of writing easier. The hard aspects also will become easier tasks.

Literary Response #7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literary Response #7 - Essay Example Indeed, a general perusal of Wright’s work reveals his interest in political concerns, but the most underlining features of his writing are the social and human concerns he addresses with great clarity. Consider his seminal poem ‘A Blessing’. In this poem Wright describes his encounter with two horses, and describes the meeting like he might an interaction with another person whom he cares dearly. In ‘A Note Left in Jimmy Leonard’s Shack,’ Wright continues his characteristic use of clear dialogue and concerns with daily human existence. For instance, he writes, â€Å"He’s drunk or dying now, I don’t know which,/ Rolled in the roots and garbage like a fish,/ The poor old man† (Perkins). While lacking stylistic complexity, it’s clear that the most unifying traits of Wright’s work is this ability to explore meaningful human concerns with great ease and clarity. In considering the poems of Edward Arlington Robinson one is drawn to the stark contrast his writing holds from that of James Wright. E.A. Robinson’s work has is more classically ‘poetic’ in that it is much more stylized, with some poems containing rhyming schemes and even iambic pentameter. While throughout the entire canon of Robinson’s work one is capable of identifying a plethora of themes, perhaps because of his upbringing that included the death of a brother to overdose and his largely solitary life. Consider poems like ‘Luke Havergal’ wherein Robinson largely utilizes iambic pentameter to convey the dark tone with a speaker that returns from the grave to implore Havergal to visit the western wall and speak with a mysterious individual. Another poem ‘Richard Cory’ continues Robinson’s use of iambic pentameter and while it begins in describing an individual with his outwardly happy, it concludes with the fateful words, â€Å"And Richard

Art and Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Art and Knowledge - Essay Example This positive tradition which follows the western philosophical thoughts loves to believe that art is largely emotive rather than informative. To illustrate, according to people like Ayer (1952, p.54), the sources of empirical knowledge should be synthetic propositions the truth value of which can be determined. In addition, logical relationships should be derived from analytic propositions which are open to manipulation (ibid). Does art provide knowledge? The historical discussion Admittedly, this traditional belief that art has nothing to do with epistemology arose from the fact that arts are mainly aimed at arousing emotion. In fact, people seek out arts mainly to get oneself lost into the imaginary world created by the arts. Thus, one can easily point out that arts are primarily meant to reach a natural high which is often the result of ones sensory responses. Thus, traditionally, arts and sensory experiences were interlinked and inseparable. Thus, Plato (1992, p. 113) argued tha t the sensory side of human experience is primary in the arts. According to Stolnitz (1992, p. 191), the argument is that senses are a hindrance to the achievement of the high state in which reality can be understood. In fact, the weights and chains of the prisoners incarcerated in Plato’s caves were really surrogates or proxies for the distractions that our senses imposed upon whatever our rational mind could possibly muster. Thus, one can see that the stimulation of senses, which takes place through arts, is rather misleading. As John (2001, p.330) reflects, instead of making one reach critical thinking and rationality, arts lead one away from truth which can only be derived through critical rationality. And as time passed, there arose two extremes in the cognitive triviality of arts (ibid). The opinion of Plato was contradicted by Aristotle (2008, p. 45) in Poetics through the argument that poetry is capable of conveying the knowledge of universals to people. Thus, there a rise two classes of thought; one that believes in the aesthetic value of art, and one that believes in the cognitive value of art. Admittedly, it is possible to develop a third class of thought; that is, aesthetic cognitivism. This class of thought claims that art can give knowledge, and also that this knowledge can enhance the aesthetic value of art. According to cognitivists, it is possible for art to impart knowledge. In order to substantiate their claim, cognitivists rely on philosophical knowledge as derived from various works of literature. The gist of their argument is that though moral philosophy manages to provide an outline of what is good; works of literature are useful and at times necessary to understand the application of the same in various situations. As McKeon (2001, p.241) comments, Aristotle comes up with three types of knowledge; theoretical, practical, and productive. The theoretical knowledge refers to the knowledge about things that are fundamental in nature ( ibid). An example of this knowledge is the products and processes of nature. Practical knowledge refers to the knowledge that teaches what to do to address certain contingencies. Thirdly, productive knowledge teaches one how to make new things. Admittedly, the question arises as to how art can introduce productive knowledge. Thus, one gains the insight that the meaning of the word ‘knowledge’ itself is likely to change according to the nature of the problem one pursues (ibid). Based on the traditional view of scientific knowledge, knowledge is supposed to come along with evidence regarding the truth. In other words, knowledge is the ability to provide warranted assertions. In other words, the term ‘

Tensile Properties of Polypropylene

Tensile Properties of Polypropylene Introduction If an engineer wanted to design a bridge to span a river, it would be absurd to consider building it out of papier-mà ¢chà © or rubber. We know this because we know something about the demands that will be put on the bridge and we know that these materials do not satisfy the requirements. After considering other materials, perhaps titanium or high tech aluminium alloys, we may discount them on the grounds of cost even if they do have suitable mechanical properties to make a good bridge. Eventually we may decide on steel; but which one? There are thousands to choose from. Which has the best properties at an affordable price? The cost effectiveness of any material is a matter not to be dealt with here but we must ask which steel has the most appropriate physical properties. In order to answer this question, we must conduct tests on different steels and compare the results when samples of the steel are tested to destruction. Polypropylene has the ability to crystallise which was a very exciting prospect as it is also an economical material so the popularity of it grew and production began all across most of Europe its use. Lots of different types of polypropylene have been under production since the early 1950s mainly because of its insulating properties. it is used in many different fields, bumpers and some of the interior in a car is developed using polypropylene its also widely used in electrical components because of its great electrical resistance at high temperatures. It has similar properties to polyethylene. Because of its use in many different fields its necessary to test the material in a variety of ways. In this test the tensile properties will be examined at different testing speeds. This test is done because The test process involves placing the test specimen in the testing machine and slowly extending it until it fractures. During this process, the elongation of the gauge section is recorded against the applied force. The data is manipulated so that it is not specific to the geometry of the test sample. Theory Polypropylene, like other plastics, typically starts with the distillation of hydrocarbon fuels into lighter groups called fractions some of which are combined with other catalysts to produce plastics (typically via polymerisation or poly-condensation) For example, the polymerisation of propylene, which is identical to ethylene except that one hydrogen substituent has been replaced by a methyl (CH3) group, yields polypropylene. This material has a higher melting point (160-170 oC), higher tensile strength, and greater rigidity than polyethylene. Figure 1- Propylene monomers polymerisation to polypropylene Depending on how they are linked or joined (chemical bonds or intermolecular forces) and on the arrangement of the different chains that forms the polymer, the resulting polymeric materials can be classified as: Thermoplastics Elastomers Thermosets Depending on the chemical composition, polymers can be inorganic such as glass, or they can be organic, such as adhesives of epoxy resin. Organic polymers can be also divided into natural polymers such as proteins and synthetic polymers as thermosets materials. Description of apparatus The apparatus used the most for the testing part of the experiment was the zwick tensile testing machine this is a highly accurate piece of equipment as it has high resolution angle measurement which allows excellent repeat accuracy. This type of machine has two crossheads; one is adjusted for the length of the specimen and the other is driven to apply tension to the test specimen he machine must be able to generate enough force to fracture the specimen. The machine must be able to apply the force quickly or slowly enough to properly mimic the actual application. Finally, the machine must be able to accurately and precisely measure the gauge length and forces applied Figure 2- Tensile testing machine (diagrammatic sketch form) Test procedure The test will be carried out using the Zwick tensile testing machine, with 3 different specimens each of them will be extended at different speeds Specimen 1: Extension speed= 100 mm/min Specimen 2: Extension speed= 50 mm/min Specimen 3: Extension speed= 12.5 mm/min Before testing the specimens, they must be measured before and after the test to see what impact the test had on the specimens After the measurement, have been taken its required to make a table to compare the load to the extension this graph will be required to estimate relevant values that will be needed to complete the calculations. For all the specimens you are required to obtain a verity of tensile properties including: Nominal yield stress Youngs modulus Fracture stress (nominal and true) Tensile ductility Results Specimen (mm) Average (mm) Av.CSA = tw ( 1 T 2.13 2.18 2.20 2.17 10.20 W 4.68 4.73 4.70 4.70 2 T 2.13 2.15 2.16 2.14 10.10 W 4.68 4.72 4.71 4.70 3 T 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.15 10.11 W 4.70 4.72 4.69 4.70 Specimen 1 calculated results when extended at speed of 100 mm/min Gauge Length (mm) 33.00 Initial cross-sectional area () 10.21 Fracture length (mm) (55-33) 22.00 Thickness at fracture (mm) 0.91 Width at fracture (mm) 2.50 Cross-sectional area at Fracture () 2.28 Load at yield (N) 270.00 Load at fracture (N) 170.00 Nominal yield stress () 26.45 Extension at high yield (mm) 1.54 Young modulus () 566.79 Nominal fracture stress () 16.65 True fracture stress () 74.56 Tensile Ductility (mm) 0.66 Specimen 2 calculated results when extended at speed of 50 mm/min Gauge Length (mm) 33.00 Initial cross-sectional area () 10.10 Fracture length (mm) (123-33) 90.00 Thickness at fracture (mm) 0.93 Width at fracture (mm) 2.61 Cross-sectional area at Fracture () 2.43 Load at yield (N) 262.50 Load at fracture (N) 172.50 Nominal yield stress () 25.99 Extension at high yield (mm) 1.54 Young modulus () 556.93 Nominal fracture stress () 17.08 True fracture stress () 70.98 Tensile Ductility 2.72 Specimen 3 calculated results when extended at speed of 12.5 mm/min Gauge Length (mm) 33.00 Initial cross-sectional area () 10.11 Fracture length (mm) (242-33) 209.00 Thickness at fracture (mm) 0.88 Width at fracture (mm) 2.01 Cross-sectional area at Fracture () 1.77 Load at yield (N) 273.75 Load at fracture (N) 267.50 Nominal yield stress () 27.08 Extension at high yield (mm) 110.26 Young modulus () 8.08 Nominal fracture stress () 26.46 True fracture stress () 151.13 Tensile Ductility 6.33 Calculations of average cross sectional area specimen 1 Average cross sectional area = Average thickness x Average width Average cross sectional area = 2.17 mm x 4.70 mm = 10.20 Calculations of specimen 1 Nominal yield = Nominal yield = = 26.45 Youngs modulus= Youngs modulus= = 566.79 Nominal fracture stress = Nominal fracture stress = = 16.65 True fracture stress = True fracture stress = = 74.56 Tensile ductility = Tensile ductility = = 0.66 mm Graphs Figure 3- Graph of load vs extension for specimen 1- Figure 4- Graph of load vs extension for specimen2- Figure 5- Graph of load vs extension for specimen 3- Discussion Unsurprisingly when you inspect between the three graphs you can see a slight pattern occur which is that the faster you extend the Polypropylene the quicker it breaks. The graph readings are used to find how much it was extended when broken so that the tensile ductility can be worked out. There have been errors in the graphs because in the laboratory the measured extension of the break was 22mm whereas the zwick tensile testing machine made a graph that showed it to be a lot less around 8mm which is surprising to have such a varied result. Retrieving most of the results from the graph required a lot of estimation because specimens one and two had scales of 20 and specimen 3 had a scale of 50 these both arent precise enough to get an accurate reading of the graph so a lot of estimation was required. As it can be seen in the results the extension at high yield point was very different for specimen 3 compared to the other specimens, this at first glance could be considered as an anomaly even though this was expected because the less stress that is put on the specimen meant that the extension of the yield would be higher but such a big gap wasnt expected. However, looking at the results of the other groups in the lab it shows that the result is acceptable. The other result that differed in specimen 3 when compared to the other specimens was the load at fracture this is because specimen 3 extended for a much longer distance then the other two so there was much more load at fracture which meant that the fracture stress was much greater too as shown in the results. Also, glass transition temperature had to be controlled so that the polypropylene wasnt too brittle, as temperature is hard to get accurate most of the readings might have differed because of it. Conclusion It can be seen in this test how speed effects the tensile properties of polypropylene, as the results and graphs show that when tension is applied quicker as its done in the first specimen it can take a lot less stress to break the polypropylene compared to the 3rd specimen which took a lot more tension because it expanded much more than the other 2 specimens as seen in figure 6. The results of the test are reliable but improvements could have been made the graph could have a much smaller scale which would have made the readings off the graph much easier to obtain. Also, there were assumptions that were made while doing this for example when working out the youngs modulus we had to assume that the line between the origin and the high yield point is linear. Figure- 6 Photos of the 3 specimens before and after the test. References Information https://www.creativemechanisms.com/blog/all-about-polypropylene-pp-plastic http://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/pp.aspx https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensile_testing Images http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/Designer/session4.html

Philosophy of Curriculum Essay

My philosophy of curriculum as it pertains to this course and through my new eyes at the end of the course, points to the constructivist-style curriculum as the most logical, meaningful, purposeful, intellectual, and authentic exemplars to model after. Focusing on a more educational description of constructivism, the meaning is intimately connected with experience. I believe students come into a classroom with their own experiences and a cognitive structure based on those experiences. These preconceived structures are valid, invalid or incomplete. The learner will reformulate his/her existing structures only if new information or experiences are connected to knowledge already in memory. Inferences, elaborations and relationships between old perceptions and new ideas must be personally drawn by the student in order for the new idea to become an integrated, useful part of his/her memory. Memorized facts or information that has not been connected with the learner’s prior experien ces will be quickly forgotten. In short, the learner must actively construct new information onto his/her existing mental framework for meaningful learning to occur. So what is the support structure for a constructivist learning setting and how do they differ from a classroom based on the traditional or didactic model? The current American classroom, whether grade school or college level, tends to resemble a one-person show with a captive but often comatose audience. Classes are usually driven by â€Å"teacher-talk† and depend heavily on textbooks for the composition of the course. There is the idea that there is a fixed world of knowledge that the student must come to know. Information is divided into parts and built into a whole concept. Teachers serve as pipelines and seek to transfer their thoughts and meanings to the passive student. There is little room for student-initiated questions, independent thought or interaction between students. The end result is that the instruction set forth for the learner is solely memorization of the facts and no conceptual depth and understanding (Erickson 30). In a constructivist setting, knowledge is not objective; mathematics and science are viewed as systems with models that describe how the world might be rather than how it is. This is an example of the differences between the world of the declarative and procedural knowledge and thinking to understanding the critical empirical and explanatory principles within the curriculum. The role of the teacher is to organize information around conceptual clusters as seen in a concept map and in Gowin’s Vee, in order to help pose questions and unusual situations to engage the student’s interest. Teachers assist the students in developing new insights and connecting them with their previous learning. Ideas are presented holistically as broad concepts and then broken down into parts. The activities are student centered and students are encouraged to ask their own questions, carry out their own experiments, make their own analogies and come to their own conclusions and then eventually applying the new found knowledge and information to brand new situations. Becoming a constructivist teacher is a difficult change since most teachers are prepared for teaching in the traditional manner. It has taken me these past two school years to â€Å"shift my paradigm† and adopt a new one but it does work if you are dedicated to putting in the time and effort to building your own curriculum built around the standards and back by the foundations that have been laid by Piaget, Dewey, Novak, Gowin, Erickson and the many others. These psychologists and experts in the mind and education have contributed to the following characteristics of what I believe is a representation of a constructivist teacher: 1. One of many resources that the student may learn from, not the primary source of information. 2. Engage students in experiences that challenge previous conceptions of their existing knowledge. 3. Allow student responses to drive lessons and seek elaboration of students’ initial responses. Allow student some thinking time after posing questions. 4. Encourage questioning by asking thoughtful, open-ended questions. Encourage thoughtful discussion among students. 5. Use cognitive terminology such as â€Å"classify,† â€Å"analyze†, and â€Å"create† when framing tasks. 6. Encourage and accept student autonomy and initiative. Be willing to let go of classroom control. 7. Use raw data and primary sources, along with manipulative and interactive physical materials. 8. Don’t  separate knowing from the process of finding out. 9. Insist on clear expression from students. When students can communicate their understanding, then they have truly learned. In summary, constructivist teaching offers a bold departure from traditional didactic classroom strategies. The goal is for the learner to play an active role in absorbing knowledge onto his/her existing mental framework. The ability of students to apply their school-learned knowledge to the real world much more valued over memorizing bits and pieces of knowledge that may seem unrelated to them. Curriculum designed with the constructivist approach requires the teacher to relinquish his/her role as sole information-dispenser and instead to continually analyze his/her curriculum planning and instructional methodologies. Clearly, the constructivist approach opens new avenues for learning as well as challenges for the teacher trying to implement it but isn’t it worth it? I believe it is worth every ounce.

Bookbinders Book Club Essay

1. Before beginning any case, students should familiarize themselves with the model being used. Marketing Engineering for Excel comes with tutorials that demonstrate the capability of each model. The tutorial can be found under each model within the ME>XL menu after starting Excel. These tutorials are designed to work with our OfficeStar examples which are located in the My Marketing Engineering directory, usually installed in My Documents during software installation. The data required for this case is located in two files in the My Marketing Engineering directory (usually located within My Documents): Bookbinders Book Club Data (Customer Choice). xls Bookbinders Book Club Data (Customer Choice) Holdout Sample. xls 2. Introduction About 50,000 new titles, including new editions, are published in the United States each year, giving rise to a $20+ billion book publishing industry. About 10 percent of the books are sold through mail order. Book retailing in the 1970s was characterized by the growth of chain bookstore operations in concert with the development of shopping malls. Traffic in bookstores in the 1980s was enhanced by the spread of discounting. In the 1990s, the superstore concept of book retailing was responsible for the double-digit growth of the book industry. Generally situated near large shopping centers, superstores maintain large inventories of anywhere from 30,000 to 80,000 titles. Superstores are putting intense competitive pressure on book clubs, mail-order firms and retail outlets. Recently, online superstores, such as www. amazon. com, have emerged, carrying 1–2. 5 million titles and further intensifying the pressure on book clubs and mail-order firms. In response to these pressures, book clubs are starting to look at alternative business models that will make them more responsive to their customers’ preferences. Historically, book clubs offered their readers continuity and negative option programs that were based on an extended contractual relationship between the club and its subscribers. In a continuity program, popular in such genres as children’s books, a reader signs up for an offer of several books for a few dollars each (plus shipping and handling on each book) and agrees to receive Copyright  © 2008 by DecisionPro, Inc. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, go to www. decisionpro. biz. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the permission of DecisionPro, Inc. a shipment of one or two books each month thereafter. In a negative option program, subscribers get to choose which and how many additional books they will receive, but the default option is that the club’s selection will be delivered to them each month. The club informs them of the monthly selection and they must mark â€Å"no† on their order forms if they do not want to receive it. Some firms are now beginning to offer books on a positive-option basis, but only to selected segments of their customer lists that they deem receptive to specific offers. Book clubs are also beginning to use database marketing techniques to work smarter rather than expand the coverage of their mailings. According to Doubleday president Marcus Willhelm, â€Å"The database is the key to what we are doing†¦. We have to understand what our customers want and be more flexible. I doubt book clubs can survive if they offer the same 16 offers, the same fulfillment to everybody. †2 Doubleday uses modeling techniques to look at more than 80 variables, including geography and the types of books customers purchase, and selects three to five variables that are the most influential predictors. The Bookbinders Book Club The BBB Club was established in 1986 for the purpose of selling specialty books through direct marketing. BBBC is strictly a distributor and does not publish any of the books it sells. In anticipation of using database marketing, BBBC made a strategic decision right from the start to build and maintain a detailed database about its members containing all the relevant information about them. Readers fill out an insert and return it to BBBC which then enters the data into the database. The company currently has a database of 500,000 readers and sends out a mailing about once a month. BBBC is exploring whether to use predictive modeling approaches to improve the efficacy of its direct mail program. For a recent mailing, the company selected 20,000 customers in Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio from its database and included with their regular mailing a specially produced brochure for the book The Art History of Florence. This resulted in a 9. 03 percent response rate (1806 orders) for the purchase of the book. BBBC then developed a database to calibrate a response model to identify the factors that influenced these purchases. For this case analysis, we will use a subset of the database available to BBBC. It consists of data for 400 customers who purchased the book, and 1,200 customers who did not, thereby over-representing the response group. The dependent variable for the analysis is Choice — purchase or no purchase of The Art History of Florence. BBBC also selected several independent variables that it thought might explain the observed choice behavior. Below is a description of the variables used for the analysis: Choice: Whether the customer purchased the The Art History of Florence. 1 corresponds to a purchase and 0 corresponds to a nonpurchase. Gender: 0 = Female and 1 = Male. Amount purchased: Total money spent on BBBC books. Frequency: Total number of purchases in the chosen period (used as a proxy for frequency. ) Last purchase (recency of purchase): Months since last purchase. First purchase: Months since first purchase. P_Child: Number of children’s books purchased. BOOKBINDERS BOOK CLUB CASE 2/4 P_Youth: Number of youth books purchased. P_Cook: Number of cookbooks purchased. P_DIY: Number of do-it-yourself books purchased. P_Art: Number of art books purchased. To assess the performance of the model, the data set includes a second sheet with 2300 customers–a holdout sample representative of the entire target market. The use of such a validation sample is an appropriate way to compare alternative models. BOOKBINDERS BOOK CLUB CASE 3/4 EXERCISES BBBC is evaluating three different modeling methods to isolate the factors that most influenced customers to order The Art History of Florence: an RFM (Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value) model, an ordinary linear regression model, and a binary logit model. 1. Summarize the results of your analysis for all three models. Develop your models using the case data files and then assess them on the holdout data sample. Interpret the results of these models. In particular, highlight which factors most influenced the customers’ decision to buy or not to buy the book. Bookbinders is considering a similar mail campaign in the Midwest where it has data for 50,000 customers. Such mailings typically promote several books. The allocated cost of the mailing is $0. 65/addressee (including postage) for the art book, and the book costs Bookbinders $15 to purchase and mail. The company allocates overhead to each book at 45 percent of cost. The selling price of the book is $31. 95. Based on the model, which customers should Bookbinders target? How much more profit would you expect the company to generate using these models as compared to sending the mail offer to the entire list? Based on the insights you gained from this modeling exercise, summarize the advantages and limitations of each of the modeling approaches. Look at both similar and dissimilar results. As part of your recommendations to the company, indicate whether it should invest in developing expertise in any of these methods to develop an in-house capability to evaluate its direct mail campaigns. How would you simplify and automate your recommended method(s) for future modeling efforts at the company. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1 The case and the database were developed by Professors Nissan Levin and Jacob Zahavi at Tel Aviv University. We have adapted these materials for use with our software, with their permission. 2 DM News, May 23, 1994. BOOKBINDERS BOOK CLUB CASE 4/4

As Mentioned Above, There Have Been Many Lives Lost During

As mentioned above, there have been many lives lost during the civil war that has raged for years in Syria. The estimated casualties in the chemical attack on April 4th are reported to be 131 citizens, 41 of those children (Perez, 2017). Many more people were also affected by the attack that day. There are the countless friends and family members who lost loved ones. There are surely many others who lost homes and other possessions that will be forced to try to find new places to live and support themselves. In a much broader sense, the effects are seen on global society by the reactions of political leaders, press coverage by media outlets, and even individuals whose reactions are displayed on social media. In many ways, events like this†¦show more content†¦Again, these violations of social rights have become acceptable to some degree because they are thought to be necessary to prevent future attacks and ultimately stop those responsible. Many refugees of war are left with no way to provide for themselves or their families and become dependent on the donations and kindness of others. These effects demonstrate how events like the Syrian attack can have far reaching side effects on not only the direct victims, but for society across the globe. The victims of this attack are in need of medical assistance and many other basic needs as a result of this attack. While most people see and recognize this need, the social perception of terrorism and middle eastern countries involvement in these acts affects how people and governments react around the world. The social beliefs and values of cultures in the US and many other countries result in delays and debates in appropriate actions to help the people affected by this tragedy. The result is the continuation of the suffering of the Syrian people and uncertainty about if or when a resolution to this war will come. The analysis of this event brings about a much larger question as well, which is why do acts of wa r like the Syrian chemical attack continue to be issues after centuries of war and the lessons that society has learned from these experiences. Applying theShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Gettysburg As My Topic1083 Words   |  5 Pagesselected the Battle of Gettysburg as my topic to research. The reason I appointed this event as my subject matter was on the fact that I reside close to Gettysburg, and have heard of some of the events that developed there during the Civil War. Even though I live close to Gettysburg, I haven’t seen the reenactments that occur there or been on the tours Gettysburg offers. 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